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*Music*
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[Music]
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Hello and welcome to a new edition of the digression, where I occasionally,
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Almost never, deviate from the topic. I'm Sascha Markmann and I say hello.
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Today's theme is inspired by a video, I think the good man is called Brain?
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No, it's called Zero Brain, but on its second channel Braindump. He posted a video
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It's about why computer technology used to be exciting. This is the title of the video
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And that's where he talks about how his development was. I put the video in my
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Show Notes in, you can have a look. Is really a sympathetic gentleman who makes good videos with
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interesting topics. So long speech, in a nutshell. I'll tell my story now.
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That must have been 91, 92, maybe 90.
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And yes, it was just before Christmas.
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My parents then went to the media market and got advice and then had
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for 1400 Mark a 386 SX25 with 2 MB RAM and a 512 KB graphics card
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Get it. In addition, there was the DR-DOS 6 operating system. Since my parents, or my father and
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My aunt, who was familiar with computers or PCs, who already wanted to get ready,
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that you can get started right away, they tried to install the operating system
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on the incredibly large hard drive of 107 megabytes and that didn't work. And how
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I used to come out of school and my mother reacted in a panic because I did.
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I saw what was in the living room, yes, I had seen that somehow from the outside
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the controller card, where the hard disk and the floppy disk drive were connected,
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somehow this rail was crooked, this slot plate. And then my aunt and
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my father screwed up the computer and saw that the card was either through the
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Transport or was not properly plugged in from the outset. After they are correct
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It was in the 16-bit slot. Did that thing work? Yes, then you could use the operating system
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install. Later, however, I switched to MS-DOS, whereby the DOS is a decisive
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had an advantage. It had already installed network support and that was
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for later, if you wanted to play together, so games in the network important.
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But this is a completely different topic. Yes, that's how I got mine just before Christmas
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The first PC. I didn't get anything else for Christmas and I'm on my birthday,
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Which I had in March, got nothing else but this one PC.
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My parents then almost took the money from all my relatives and so on,
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what they put in the back of a gift and then have the difference amount
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balanced. Yes, but that was still a great gift. I've had it before, I think.
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That was so 87 I started with basic programming on a Schneider CPC 464
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to deal with it. Later I got through a skilful exchange with a calculator
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My aunt's F64 with a bunch of floppy disks. And strangely enough, the tailor's calculator
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I never touched. The Commodore, I picked it completely apart. Da
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floppy disk accelerators were then installed, as additional data buses were soldered in,
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I was able to load 11 times faster and save 7 times faster.
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A second floppy disk drive was used, bought, then already the modern, which is essential
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It was smaller than the original. A printer that was so loud.
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Yes, but I especially remembered the personal computer. The others
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Things had been for gaming, for programming, and now I have to say that the tailor,
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The CPC 464 was really good. There was a Z80 processor in it and so you could
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other real computers, i.e. Linux machines that run programs on them,
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if you have received a corresponding CPM, i.e. the operating system. Then you could go there
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run these developer environments because it was written for this processor the code and
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Everything else was true. You can nowadays, there are still kids, that you can save the memory up to
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It can expand several megabytes. So there are people who are really busy with it,
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You could do fantastic things. Unfortunately, I only had one shortcoming at the time. In the
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Monitor was the power supply installed, so you could not without problem just another monitor
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connect. You almost had to use this monitor to power it.
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I only had a green monitor. Now the thing can also display fantastic colors.
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Of course it all looked a little green. Had something like that from Matrix. But, long speech,
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short sense. I learned to program on these boxes. More on the tailor
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How about the Commodore? I just gambled more. I mean, I kind of had 200 back then.
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There were x games on floppy disks and on each floppy disk. They just all fell to me like that.
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They came in the boxes of my aunt. Yeah, you get all the shit today
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as on the Internet. Free of charge. For most games. A few games, you still have licensing problems,
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But most things get that way. Yeah, maybe I should go back
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Buy a Retro C64 if I only had the money for it. Or, yes, love money.
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My first real PC. What great things did I do? What have I got with
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Do you do great things? Of course, I immediately got into the Quick Basic, which was there,
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or I had brought GW Basic from school and then I
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Basic programming then learned on an IBM-compatible computer, then later
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QuickBasic, then I started Pascal a little later, I think Pascal 6 or 7,
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I actually made the first applications that were interesting to me.
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was. Like orbit, so a tracking for a radio antenna for satellites, so I had to
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First get the Kepler data, that's rail data from the Americans. At that time there were
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the Internet, that was less of a problem and then I wrote the program,
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then the motor control, which was quite simple and could then stop with simple antennas,
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with helix antennas and a radio receiver, because I already had my amateur radio license at that time,
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the smallest, because I was just interested in the high frequencies and
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Not all the long frequencies to just spark around the planet.
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What interested me was that I wanted short, short, short, ultra short and mega, mega, ultra,
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Make ultra short wave so I can stop communicating with satellites or something.
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Yes, I programmed that back then and it was fun, just like this higher mathematics,
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which one needed for the web calculation with the Kepler elements, where then also delays
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are inside. I then, one or two years later, I had upgraded to a DX40,
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That was then just a full-fledged 32-bit processor, because the SX was always such a slimmer.
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This was a 32-bit instruction set, but communication with the meme board was everything.
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16-bit and then had a full-fledged 32-bit computer, i.e. 32-bit memory communication
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and the other peripherals outside the plug-in cards, because that was all only on 16-bit.
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And then I realized that even the processor, which is already so good twice as fast
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was like the processor I had before, not quite enough, because it could do something
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Not quite decisive. He can only do the four basic arithmetic types really well. Now comes
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A small excursion. A normal processor can only add. Now there are a few tricks,
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For example, with those with the smallest possible number, if you add that, you can make one,
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What's the point of doing a subtration? This is because with the one
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Complement and I my multiplication is just that I count plus plus plus plus plus,
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So an addition and a division is just that you look at how often something fits into a number.
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So it is ultimately a more complex subtration.
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And because he can almost only add, well, and stop over the trick with the one complement the subtration
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And then the others, it's a little slower.
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And all the higher functions must always be tricked around.
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You don't get any of that, because he can just do it. That's in the code and there's
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the instructions, the algorithms, but there is a remedy. There is this mathematical
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Coprocessor. This is not a 386, but a 387 and I got it.
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It was then from some cheap provider, I think from Zyrex or something,
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Or how you wrote it back then. And then I put it in, and behold,
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In mathematical applications, the thing was suddenly a rocket. Because,
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when I left earlier and I made almond bread, what 300 times,
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It was 320 by 240 pixels, so I liked to count on it for a day. After that it was
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About ten minutes through. You can imagine what this mathematical
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Coprocessor for a fantastic performance. In the 486's there were no maths.
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Coprocessor, because it was already integrated into the processor. Except for the few 486 SX,
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There was a very short time. That was not the case. Yeah, so you see, I was full then
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in the matter. I think that's when I got my first CD-ROM drive.
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fetched. That was a single speed, a single speed, so at 150 KB/s.
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even double speed with 300 kilobytes per second, but they were, that was about three times
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As expensive as the simple. Then I got the thing and was so happy that I
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I can finally read CD-ROMs. Oh, yeah! Heureka! That was great! I don't know how many times I've been in the
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meanwhile my Windows, my DOS, my Windows had to install because I broke something
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had made or the hard disk was suddenly so full, the so 107 megabytes and at some point
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She smoked me too. Then I had to get a new one and then I went for 400
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I bought a 400 megabyte hard drive. So for a student at the tender age a damn
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Expensive investment. I made a lot of coal at the time. I have very
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A lot of firewood chopped at my grandparents. I don't have my fireworks money for New Year's Eve in
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invested in black powder, but always put aside nicely, so that I can make such gimmicks
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Then they could afford.
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Shortly thereafter they had had an offer at the media market for a fence plastic 16-bit
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Fence map.
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That was the very first one.
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And then I paid for it and got it two months later.
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Deposit so that the price does not expire.
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I understand.
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I bought it for $200 later. I don't know how expensive it was, but that was the biggest upgrade of this card.
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It had controllers, already for several CD-ROM drives, then had a special encryption chip on it,
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on it so you can use special codecs to just make the sound file size much smaller
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make. So you recorded the 16-bit and the thing somehow got in six or so
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Bits stored with these mathematical blah blah blah, I don't know anymore. Yes, I think they
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It cost us more than 300 marks. Suddenly I had an almost
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Multimedia PC, because at that time also a Multimedia PC according to definition a Double Speed CD-ROM-Log-Werk
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had. And that was absolutely wow. There was also an encyclopedia on the sound card.
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English, but it doesn't matter. And that had been so horny that once you put little movies in postcards,
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Postcards, stamp format, so mouse cinema could watch and also a great
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He had tone. And the games, wow! I also had a few games at the time. I have so
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Building strategy games, such as "settlers". I loved it on PC. What else was
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have been. Yes, then it was relatively fast. Then I have my first quadruple speed
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CD-ROM drive. Then came the first 486. That was, I think, a DX480 or 100. 100. The
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The fastest 486 there was. At that time, however, there was already the Pensium and this
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Strange scandal we had at the time with the Pensium. Because the Pensium was wrong.
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That was one thing. That must have been 1994/95. Yeah, and then it went so fast.
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I didn't change the hardware so often, but over and over again. At some point came
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Let's have a good laser printer, not small laser printers, inkjet printers,
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Like everyone else had at the time, from HP. Then Mostec came up with a flatbed scanner, but not so
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modern shit like today, which just scans once and then has the color. No,
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He had to go through it three times to get a color picture. It all lasted then
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Three times as long as if you were just scanning a black and white. Then you had to also
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dealing with SCSI, i.e. SCSI, something you only knew about large computers and something completely different.
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It was magical, because there were up to seven devices and in later
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Connect versions up to 14 devices and that was wow.
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So I had a SCSI card in my computer. I couldn't do anything, but
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great. Then I saw a better SCSI card later on at Conrad,
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1505 or what it was or 15010 from Adaptec and it was very cheap. There I have
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which brought me and with it the thing went even better and then I could finally some other
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Connecting devices. Now it was just like that, all the SCSI clothes were all
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It sucks expensive. So I never really got anything. But I had the opportunity,
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to connect it. It's great. Then at some point a modem tumbled in, so 2400 Kb,
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Baud was said at the time. It was so slow, you could almost watch the picture line by line,
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If it was built up like that. Or if you had connected to a mailbox, you could
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It's like watching a movie when the lines build up like this. It's funny. Then I had
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It was twice as fast, it was faster. And then I had a short
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This is my first internal 14,400 KB. It was about as if you were
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could work. Then I had a 28-eighth, which was of course even faster. And
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Then came my first 56K modem. I think 56800 or so. That was really quick. Anyone who stops
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had a modem back then, this fantastic tone, if you dial in,
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Everyone knows who did something with the hand in remote transmission at that time. At that time I had
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There is also access to the Internet via BTX from Deutsche Telekom. Because my parents will someday
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once went to the station, which was constantly occupied at the weekend in the evening,
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Someday I'll get my second phone line, where I'll get one.
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a certain number of hours a month was allowed on the Internet or on mailboxes and then finally came the big
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DSL. It's fantastic. One megabit per second in download and I kind of believe 100 around 119
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120 in the upload. And also a real flat rate. That was great. No more on it
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Pay attention to how expensive everything is. And we're almost there in the 2000s. So you can see,
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that I really did a steep development at that time and I have so many exciting
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Things discovered. Today it is so, it has lost all its fascination. For me there is a
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Computers and tools. This discussion of whether this is now a Mac or a Windows or a
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Linux machine, it doesn't matter. For me, a computer is a tool. It must work and
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Halfway modern. I need to be able to access the Internet and I need to be able to install programs,
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from the Internet. Then I can set up my work environment and then I can
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program with it, write my texts, cut videos, edit the podcast and so on.
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I don't care about architecture. It's just that I'm doing this
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I have tools. And that's one of the things I've learned over the last few years. It
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Everything has become a lot more boring, unless you have RGB. We all know a computer with RGB
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More and more images per second, FPS. That's always 10 to 20 more. No, seriously,
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It's all so compact and so little flawed today. You used to be in the
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Computer inside an interface card. Ideally, the controller was there for the
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Floppy disk drive, i.e. for the two possible floppy disk drives. Then there was a controller.
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on it for the hard drive, for two. Later there were some where you could find four hard disks
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could connect. Always a master and always a slave. And you had to do that with the hard disks, too.
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Set it up. Then there was a controller card, if not everything together was on one,
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for the serial port, for one and two and for the parallel port. That was sometimes
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All individually or combined or large combined. Then it was called multi-IO cards, where then stops
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All the important entrances and exits were on it. On the meme bot was mostly only the plug
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for the keyboard. A mouse had to be attached to the serial port and that was
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Mostly the 9-pin pin, so that the 25-pin pin remained free for Molem or for another
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Yeah, it was just exciting. I skipped the jump from the 56k modem to DSL. There was
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A few more years ISDN, where you had 128 Kbit/s with channel bundling. You had to have a card too.
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For plugging in, you had to configure it until it worked. And you had to have one
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Insert the network card so that you could use DSL. No one can do that anymore today.
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introduce. It's all on the back of the aperture these days, on the I/O shield. There you have them
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Inputs for a keyboard or just USB. So sometimes there are also PS/2 connectors,
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But it is already obsolete. But you just have the USB ports, then you have the ports for
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Audio, then ports for at least one network device to have better motherboards,
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We have two network devices, then, if necessary, a monitor connection, if the processor is
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still has a graphics unit, so that you actually ideally no longer have any expansion cards in the
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You have the computer in it, but you have the memory in it and you have just
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Yours is a hard drive in the form of an MVE SSD. When you think about what we used to do
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IACUs had to be distributed, there were no conflicts in the
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Address range. Sound cards always ran on 220 by default. Then IAQ 7. But that had
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had a problem because by default the IAQ 7 was also used for the printer port. Then you have
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you packed the printer port on IAQ 5 because most programs that hold the sound card used
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I used the IRQ7 as a standard. And so you always had to change your configuration in
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Keep your eye on it. I also forgot to mention this memory extension back then
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with the SIM modules. Then a plant in Taiwan burned down, suddenly memory modules were gold
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Worth it, prices have exploded. You have for a 4 megabyte module at once 400-500 euros on
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Pay the D-Mark and what you might have paid a hundred for before. Thus, such
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storage quantities incredibly expensive and I had then on the second-hand market more times 4 megabytes
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I bought it and put it in my computer. But I had planned,
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As I said, 2x4 memory modules a 256 KB, i.e. 2x1 MB. So I have 5 MB of RAM
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had and then had the advantage that I could pack all drivers and so on in 1 MB
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and then still had 4 MB free for application, which was an incredible speed advantage
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compared to those who only had 4 MB, because in the end they only had 3 MB available.
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And it was always a configuration, you had to deal with it a lot.
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And today that's actually the case, I have this computer that I use now,
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0:30:27 – 0:30:40
When did Intel's 13,900 come out? So shortly afterwards I bought it with a motherboard,
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Memory and SSD and a graphics card and has almost never been
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0:30:47 – 0:30:55
Again, except that I checked the thermal paste. I have to go there
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Don't set anything, it's all so automated and that's crass, that's so Mac-like, so Mac-user-like.
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Yeah, I don't have to deal with that, it's my operating system, my Mac OS.
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And as I said, that used to be so much fun to deal with and stuff
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0:31:20 – 0:31:29
Try it out. Today you can also retrofit a parallel port that you can stop eight
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has digital inputs and outputs, either via USB or stop as a plug-in card. And when I think about it,
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that I built my first computer-controlled traffic light system in such a way that I
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Plugged in where there was a long cable. This went on a board and from there
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Off to the reconstructed road with traffic lights. I then ran the program, which then visually
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then had also indicated which lights are now going and what the circuit is like, the clock is
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It is a circuit and so you could see the traffic lights. And because there is also a
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two directional communication, you could also go that you now stop as a pedestrian
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0:32:22 – 0:32:31
Button presses that then the foot turns red, that you can just walk across the street. And that can
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0:32:31 – 0:32:38
No more kits today. There are completely different options for this with all the microcontrollers.
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0:32:38 – 0:32:44
I still remember where in the Computer Club, then on the WDR, the first
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0:32:44 – 0:32:54
Microcontroller was offered as a kit. With Conrad it was, I don't remember,
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What was the name of the thing. The thing really had very few inputs and outputs and could do very little.
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In the end, however, it was to be programmed in Basic and in a block-based, i.e. an optical programming language.
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And I had gotten that and had experimented with it and that was great.
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But when I think about what you can do with a Raspberry Pi or with an Androido or other microcontrollers,
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that you can carry out such small craft projects and program them quickly,
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you have unlimited knowledge on the Internet or can also be helped with Chat-GBT,
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If you have trouble adjusting the code.
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That was all I had to learn with my buddy.
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by typing out any listings from books and newspapers for days
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To understand how this code works.
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It was a completely different, wild time.
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And I am so grateful that in this intergeneration,
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I've already made a digression about this,
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who is 77 to 81, 82,
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She had an analog childhood.
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and a digital youth.
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And that was the case with me, I was born in 1977, my father had stopped relatively quickly
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At that time the tailor computer was created in the hand family and I was so fascinated by the
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0:34:42 – 0:34:48
Device and as I did in the manual – at that time there were still manuals explaining the circuits
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0:34:48 – 0:34:56
and where it could be deduced how this works – that I then just started
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0:34:56 – 0:35:01
I wanted to deal with programming and understand and later
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0:35:01 – 0:35:08
I have also understood how this works and how I can do something that I can still do today.
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0:35:08 – 0:35:14
I'm still totally fascinated. Today this is on a completely different level and the youth
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0:35:14 – 0:35:21
I've never had so many chances to get in there fantastically. And what do I see?
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0:35:21 – 0:35:30
They all sit in front of their mobile phones, tablets or laptops and consume for the most part fixed
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0:35:30 – 0:35:34
and finished programs and do something with them. Of course, some people do it totally.
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0:35:34 – 0:35:41
Horny shit. They're super creative. I mean, we were back then, too. But when I think about it,
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0:35:41 – 0:35:49
If I had had that opportunity in the early 90's,
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0:35:49 – 0:35:55
That would have been such a brainfuck. I remember not having a computer with me,
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0:35:55 – 0:36:02
but half the adult section to me on the holidays we took in the North Sea,
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0:36:02 – 0:36:08
I always took it with me. So programming, electronics and that I'm doing all this theoretically
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I went through it, took notes, then stopped when I was back home,
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I borrowed the next book and went on and almost everything theoretically for the first time.
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0:36:22 – 0:36:30
I worked out. Yes, that was horny and I think that led to me being the man,
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Which I am today because I had to work so hard at that time. But I still envy them.
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young people today and I say that sometimes in 48 years for these fantastic opportunities,
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which they have. Some people do it, use it and do great things. Others live,
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Work out great creative things with the possibilities they have. And that I
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0:36:56 – 0:37:01
Sometimes I'm a little jealous of the young people today, but
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0:37:01 – 0:37:11
horny time with these aha moments and the deep understanding of how a computer works,
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How does a processor communicate with its memory and peripherals?
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They don't even have to know that today, because the microcontroller, there's everything in there and
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0:37:27 – 0:37:35
There they have it. But now I'm done with my digression, that's 37 again.
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minutes. Thank you for your patience and listening. Maybe you can understand,
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Why am I so passionate about this topic? And even if I study humanities later
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0:37:49 – 0:37:58
I'm still, these days, a nerd in the depths of my heart and I'm super happy
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deal with very extreme technical topics, just as I like to talk about a beautiful
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Sunrise or a perfectly cooked breakfast rope can philosophize. Goodbye, Sasha.
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In this digression,’s becomes nostalgic: Sascha takes you into his digital childhood and youth – from the Schneider CPC 464 to the C64 to the 386 with 387 coprocessor. It's about broken slot plates, network cards, fractals that took a day to render, and the magic of the first line of BASIC code.
Why computer technology used to be so fascinating, how to type programs from magazines, what IRQ 7 and the sound card dispute were all about and why modern computers have become powerful, but also somehow … boring – you can hear all this here.
A tribute to a time when knowledge still had to be developed – and that is why it immersed itself so much more deeply.

Topics Outline:
1. Inspiration & Introduction
- Video by Zero Brain (Braindump)
- Looking back at a time when computers still had magic
2. The first PC – 386 SX at 25 MHz
- Purchasing history: MediaMarkt, Christmas, 1400 DM
- DR-DOS 6, 107 MB hard disk, 2 MB RAM
- Hardware errors: crooked slot cover & controller card
- Network functions of DR-DOS and first LAN experiences
- Family funding – ‘all put on one card’
3. Early calculators and learning curve
- Schneider CPC 464: green monitor, BASIC, CP/M & Z80
- Commodore 64: Swap shop, floppy collections & gambler's paradise
- Craft projects: Data buses, floppy accelerator, second drive
- Different uses: Programming vs.
4. Programming & first own projects
- GW-BASIC, QuickBasic, later Turbo Pascal
- Development of a satellite antenna control with Kepler data
- Amateur radio license and fascination for high frequency ranges
5. Hardware upgrades & computing power
- Switch to 386 DX 40 MHz – finally real 32-bit
- Limitations of the CPU in complex mathematics
- Installation of the 387 coprocessor – almond bread in minutes instead of days
6. Multimedia & Peripherals
- CD-ROM drives: Single speed, later double and quadruple speed
- First sound card with hardware compression & Encyclopedia
- Scanner with SCSI, inkjet printer, first small films on the PC
7. Internet & Networking
- Modems: 2400 baud up to 56k, mailboxes & BTX
- Own telephone line for online times
- ISDN with channel bundling, then the breakthrough with DSL & Flatrate
8. Crafts, crafts, crafts – and the knowledge behind them
- IRQ conflicts, I/O addresses, driver optimization, RAM price jumps
- Memory upgrade and configuration for maximum performance
- Multi-I/O cards, parallel ports, mouse to COM1, printer to LPT1
- Projects such as a computer-controlled traffic light via the parallel port
9. Technology in the change of time
- Comparison of previous computers with today's Plug & Play comfort zone
- Motherboards without plug-in cards vs. once complex furnishing rituals
- Raspberry Pi & Microcontroller today – Getting started easier, knowledge often flatter
10. Reflection & Conclusion
- Gratitude for a youth between Analog & Digital
- What used to be hard-earned is now available in seconds
- Nerddom with soul: Technique as a way to self-education & expression
- An appeal to curiosity – before, today and tomorrow

Links to the issue:
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Playing time: 0:42:39
Date of admission: 19.07.25
This episode is from season 4, there are a total of 4 seasons.
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